Shells may be used interactively or non-interactively. Two well-known shells are Windows shell and Bash for Linux and macOS. Most current Unix-based systems offer both a command line interface (CLI) such as the shell and a graphical user interface. Nowadays, most users prefer the graphical user interface (GUI) offered by operating systems such as Windows, Linux and macOS. In the old days, it was the only user interface available on a Unix-like system such as Linux. The shell is only one layer above the OS, It provides an interface to an Operating System. Shell is not part of system kernel, but uses the system kernel to execute programs, create files etc. Simply put, the shell is a a command language interpreter that takes commands in English from the keyboard and gives them to the operating system to perform. It’s a command line shell: you start another program by typing its name. That program is a shell, i.e., a program designed to start other programs. Traditionally, when you log into a Unix system, the system would start one program for you.
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